Psychological burden in individuals with chronic kidney diseases: A cross sectional study

Titolo Rivista PSICOLOGIA DELLA SALUTE
Autori/Curatori Marta Acampora, Serena Barello, Elena Guida, Caterina Bosio, Vincenzo Irace, Carlo Maria Guastoni, Barbara Bertani, Guendalina Graffigna
Anno di pubblicazione 2023 Fascicolo 2023/3
Lingua Inglese Numero pagine 20 P. 85-104 Dimensione file 265 KB
DOI 10.3280/PDS2023-003006
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Recent studies underlined the impact that chronic kidney disease (CKD) has on patients’ well-being and the need for mental health support. However, literature suggests that psycho-logical support is not often requested by patients, and barriers and prejudices that impede them to access mental health care are not well-known. This study aims to analyse the CKD patient’s level of well-being and explore their demand of psychological care, beside possible barri-ers/levers that motivate them to search for psychological support. A cross-sectional study in-volved 361 Italian patients diagnosed with chronic kidney disease was conducted. Patient’s health engagement was measured by the Patient Health Engagement Scale (PHE-s); anxiety and depression were assessed by the Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale and Zung Self-rating Depression Scale respectively. Quality of life was measured with an ad hoc item. Demograph-ic characteristics were also collected. Most patients were male (66.9%) and the mean age was of 57 years old. Overall, the 19% of patients reported a low level of health engagement and almost 30% of the sample reported a low level of quality of life. The 61.9% reported depres-sive symptoms and the 11.6% of the respondents referred the presence of anxiety. However, only the 40.5% referred to have thought of asking for a psychological support. Although study participants frequently reported psychological needs, it seems that is difficult for them to translate these needs into an actual psychological demand, due to prejudices against psycholo-gists and the stigma attached to patients undergoing psychological treatment.

Studi recenti hanno sottolineato l’impatto che la malattia renale cronica (CKD) ha sul be-nessere dei pazienti e la necessità di un supporto per la salute mentale. Tuttavia, la letteratura suggerisce che il supporto psicologico non è spesso richiesto dai pazienti e non sono note le barriere e i pregiudizi che impediscono loro di accedere alle cure di salute mentale. Questo stu-dio si propone di analizzare il livello di benessere dei pazienti con CKD e di esplorare la loro richiesta di supporto psicologico, nonché le possibili barriere/leve che li motivano a cercare un supporto psicologico. È stato condotto uno studio trasversale che ha coinvolto 361 pazienti italiani con diagnosi di malattia renale cronica. L’impegno sanitario dei pazienti è stato misura-to con la Patient Health Engagement Scale (PHE-s); l’ansia e la depressione sono state valutate rispettivamente con la Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale e la Zung Self-rating Depression Scale. La qualità della vita è stata misurata con un item ad hoc. Sono state raccolte anche le caratteri-stiche demografiche. La maggior parte dei pazienti era di sesso maschile (66.9%) e l’età media era di 57 anni. Nel complesso, il 19% dei pazienti ha riferito un basso livello di impegno per la salute e quasi il 30% del campione ha riferito un basso livello di qualità della vita. Il 61.9% ha riferito sintomi depressivi e l’11.6% degli intervistati ha segnalato la presenza di ansia. Tutta-via, solo il 40.5% ha riferito di aver pensato di chiedere un supporto psicologico. Sebbene i partecipanti allo studio abbiano spesso segnalato bisogni psicologici, sembra che sia difficile per loro tradurli in una vera e propria richiesta psicologica, a causa dei pregiudizi nei confronti degli psicologi e dello stigma legato ai pazienti in trattamento psicologico.

Keywords:aspettative di cura, malattia renale cronica, emodialisi, salute mentale, burden psicologico.

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Marta Acampora, Serena Barello, Elena Guida, Caterina Bosio, Vincenzo Irace, Carlo Maria Guastoni, Barbara Bertani, Guendalina Graffigna, Psychological burden in individuals with chronic kidney diseases: A cross sectional study in "PSICOLOGIA DELLA SALUTE" 3/2023, pp 85-104, DOI: 10.3280/PDS2023-003006