Motivazione e cura di sé nell’invecchiamento: una revisione sistematica della letteratura

Titolo Rivista PSICOLOGIA DELLA SALUTE
Autori/Curatori Daniela Lemmo, Roberto Bianco, Maria Francesca Freda
Anno di pubblicazione 2025 Fascicolo 2025/2
Lingua Italiano Numero pagine 21 P. 52-72 Dimensione file 207 KB
DOI 10.3280/PDS2025-002004
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L’invecchiamento della popolazione e l’aspettativa di vita media stanno aumentando nel corso degli anni e, parallelamente, diviene più lungo il periodo di vita nel quale gli individui convivono con una o più patologie croniche, spesso causate dall’assunzione, nel tempo, di stili di vita non salutari. La precocità della cronicità influisce sulla funzionalità individuale, sui livelli di benessere e di qualità di vita, sull’uso dell’assistenza sanitaria e sul rischio di mortalità. In un’ottica di healthy aging, la motivazione all’assunzione e al cambiamento dei comportamenti di salute appare determinante per il mantenimento di buone pratiche, per un migliore engagement sanitario e per migliori esiti di salute. Sebbene la ricerca abbia sostenuto la relazione tra cura di sé e promozione della salute, le concettualizzazioni del self-care rimangono piuttosto contrastanti e non sempre risultano connesse alla motivazione. Nell’ambito di un più ampio progetto psicologico clinico, scopo del presente lavoro è identificare i modi in cui vengono declinati i costrutti di motivazione e di self-care nell’ambito dell’invecchiamento. Secondo le linee guida PRISMA è stata effettuata una systematic review utilizzando i database MEDLINE/PubMed e PsycINFO. 31 articoli hanno soddisfatto i criteri di inclusione. Sono state identificate 3 traiettorie principali: la motivazione come processo nell’invecchiamento salutare; il self-care come capacità di salute e di autonomia; la ricorsività tra motivazione e self-care nella malattia cronica. Dai risultati emerge la necessità di nuovi sforzi di ricerca per declinare concettualmente i rapporti tra i due costrutti nell’ambito dell’healthy aging, al fine di promuovere interventi motivazionali di self-care nel processo dell’invecchiamento.

Parole chiave:invecchiamento salutare, motivazione, cura di sé, cure primarie.

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Daniela Lemmo, Roberto Bianco, Maria Francesca Freda, Motivazione e cura di sé nell’invecchiamento: una revisione sistematica della letteratura in "PSICOLOGIA DELLA SALUTE" 2/2025, pp 52-72, DOI: 10.3280/PDS2025-002004