L’asse psiche-cervello-sistema immunitario al servizio dell’adattamento dell’organismo all’ambiente: l’importanza delle interazioni fra infiammazione e comportamento sociale

Titolo Rivista PNEI REVIEW
Autori/Curatori Andrea Minelli, Michael Di Palma
Anno di pubblicazione 2018 Fascicolo 2018/2
Lingua Italiano Numero pagine 15 P. 31-45 Dimensione file 1146 KB
DOI 10.3280/PNEI2018-002003
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I processi infiammatori e il comportamento sociale si influenzano reciprocamente. I fattori pro-infi ammatori, citochine in primis, inducono un concerto di modifi cazioni comportamentali che aiutano l’organismo a navigare l’ambiente sociale durante periodi di malattia, aumentando la sensibilità dei circuiti neurali di salienza/allarme agli stimoli sociali negativi (per identifi care ed evitare prontamente potenziali pericoli) e la reattività dei circuiti di reward agli stimoli sociali positivi (per favorire l’approccio verso fi gure di supporto e protezione). Viceversa, gli eventi avversi di natura sociale, come abusi, separazioni, esclusione sociale, valutazioni negative, possono indurre un incremento dell’infi ammazione periferica (per preparare l’organismo a situazioni di aumentato rischio di ferite o infezioni). Individui socialmente isolati, o che si sentono tali, presentano un cronico incremento dei livelli di infi ammazione, e un’esagerata produzione di fattori proinfi ammatori in risposta a infezioni e a esperienze sociali avverse. Ciò può avere implicazioni rilevanti sul piano clinico e spiegare la relazione fra stress cronico, infi ammazione e alcune malattie neuropsichiatriche caratterizzate da compromissione del funzionamento sociale, quali ansia e depressione.;

Keywords:Psiconeuroendocrinoimmunologia, Stress, Allostasi, Carico allostatico, Cervello sociale, Depressione.

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Andrea Minelli, Michael Di Palma, L’asse psiche-cervello-sistema immunitario al servizio dell’adattamento dell’organismo all’ambiente: l’importanza delle interazioni fra infiammazione e comportamento sociale in "PNEI REVIEW" 2/2018, pp 31-45, DOI: 10.3280/PNEI2018-002003