Burnout mediates the relationship between coping strategies and self-perceived health in healthcare providers working with HIV/AIDS patients

Titolo Rivista PSICOLOGIA DELLA SALUTE
Autori/Curatori Maria Monica Ratti, Giulia Bruna Delli Zotti, Benedetta Vai, Sara Sofisti, Ciro D’Auria, Marco Rizzi, Maria Simonetta Spada, Silvia Nozza, Adriano Lazzarin, Lucio Sarno
Anno di pubblicazione 2021 Fascicolo 2021/2
Lingua Inglese Numero pagine 19 P. 35-53 Dimensione file 412 KB
DOI 10.3280/PDS2021-002004
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Burnout syndrome is conceptualized as a particular type of distress mainly occurring among healthcare providers. Burnout syndrome has been shown to identify a serious and spe-cific problem in providing care for HIV-positive patients, in this context health professionals are very sensitive to burnout syndrome not only because of the specific patients’ physical needs, but also because of other factors such as HIV-related discrimination, stigma, sexuality, intellectual disability, drugs and fear of HIV contagion during health professionals medical practice. Research studies have often focused on burnout syndrome, coping strategies and psychological and physical health in health professionals employed in the health system show-ing that coping strategies significantly predict burnout syndrome. Despite these premises, no previous study explored the possible role of burnout syndrome in mediating the relationship between coping strategies and mental health in health professionals. A sample of 85 health professionals working in HIV/AIDS units of two Italian hospitals were enrolled in this study. The results showed that emotional exhaustion is a partial mediator of the relationship between emotional coping and mental health status; so, we can assume that structured interventions aimed to improving both emotional coping and burnout syndrome could improve mental health status. All these results underline the importance of health promotion and disease prevention initiatives for health professionals.

La sindrome da burnout è concettualizzata come un particolare tipo di disturbo che si veri-fica principalmente tra gli operatori sanitari. La sindrome del burnout ha dimostrato di identifi-care un problema serio e specifico nel fornire assistenza ai pazienti sieropositivi, in questo con-testo gli operatori sanitari sono molto sensibili alla sindrome da burnout non solo a causa delle specifiche esigenze fisiche dei pazienti, ma anche a causa di altri fattori quali la discriminazione correlata all’HIV, lo stigma, la sessualità, la disabilità intellettiva, le droghe e la paura del con-tagio da HIV durante la pratica medica degli operatori sanitari. Gli studi di ricerca si sono spesso concentrati sulla sindrome da burnout, sulle strategie di coping e sulla salute psicologi-ca e fisica degli operatori sanitari impiegati nel sistema sanitario, dimostrando che le strategie di coping predicono in modo significativo la sindrome da burnout. Nonostante queste premes-se, nessuno studio precedente ha esplorato il possibile ruolo della sindrome da burnout nel mediare la relazione tra strategie di coping e salute mentale negli operatori sanitari. Per questo studio è stato prelevato un campione di 85 professionisti sanitari che lavorano nelle unità HIV/AIDS di due ospedali italiani. I risultati hanno mostrato che l’esaurimento emotivo è un mediatore parziale della relazione tra coping emotivo e stato di salute mentale; quindi, possia-mo presumere che interventi strutturati volti a migliorare sia il coping emotivo che la sindrome da burnout potrebbero migliorare lo stato di salute mentale. Tutti questi risultati sottolineano l’importanza della promozione della salute e delle iniziative di prevenzione delle malattie per gli operatori sanitari.

Keywords:sindrome da burnout; esaurimento emotivo; qualità della vita; operatori sanitari; coping; HIV.

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Maria Monica Ratti, Giulia Bruna Delli Zotti, Benedetta Vai, Sara Sofisti, Ciro D’Auria, Marco Rizzi, Maria Simonetta Spada, Silvia Nozza, Adriano Lazzarin, Lucio Sarno, Burnout mediates the relationship between coping strategies and self-perceived health in healthcare providers working with HIV/AIDS patients in "PSICOLOGIA DELLA SALUTE" 2/2021, pp 35-53, DOI: 10.3280/PDS2021-002004