I disturbi del neurosviluppo: i limiti della diagnosi categoriale e la ricerca dei costrutti di base del funzionamento

Titolo Rivista RICERCHE DI PSICOLOGIA
Autori/Curatori Claudio Vio, Valeria Olla
Anno di pubblicazione 2023 Fascicolo 2022/4
Lingua Italiano Numero pagine 22 P. 191-212 Dimensione file 0 KB
DOI 10.3280/rip2022oa15609
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Il contributo, in risposta ai quesiti dell’articolo-bersaglio di Antonietti, Borgatti e Antonietti (2022), analizza in dettaglio i problemi sollevati dalla diagnosi così come indicata dai manuali diagnostici internazionali e propone un approccio integrato che fa riferimento alla ricerca di dissociazioni/associazioni tra sintomi all’interno di specifiche dimensioni di funzionamento. Da qui la necessità di non limitarsi all’osservazione delle caratteristiche fenotipiche del disturbo, ma di individuare i costrutti di base dello sviluppo, le dimensioni sottostanti, e come queste si influenzano tra loro nel corso dello sviluppo. Lo studio delle dimensioni vede quindi, nella definizione dell’endofenotipo, gli aspetti misurabili e altamente specifici del comportamento situati nella posizione intermedia tra sintomi e meccanismi neurobiologici all’interno delle diverse patologie. Per predisporre quindi di un intervento efficace l’attenzione del clinico si deve spostare dalle caratteristiche fenotipiche del disturbo alla descrizione del funzionamento e alla diagnosi di sviluppo.

Parole chiave:; disturbi del neurosviluppo; caratteristiche fenotipiche; endofenotipo; diagnosi categoriale/dimensionale

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Claudio Vio, Valeria Olla, I disturbi del neurosviluppo: i limiti della diagnosi categoriale e la ricerca dei costrutti di base del funzionamento in "RICERCHE DI PSICOLOGIA" 4/2022, pp 191-212, DOI: 10.3280/rip2022oa15609