La funzione vagale: un link fra psiche, cervello e corpo

Titolo Rivista PNEI REVIEW
Autori/Curatori Andrea Minelli, Michael Di Palma
Anno di pubblicazione 2022 Fascicolo 2022/1
Lingua Italiano Numero pagine 18 P. 20-37 Dimensione file 320 KB
DOI 10.3280/PNEI2022-001003
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Il nervo vago influenza i nostri stati psicologici e la flessibilità delle risposte adattative alle sollecitazioni ambientali e modula la regolazione dinamica dei sistemi biologici coinvolti nell’allostasi. L’output vagale è modulato dall’attività coordinata di strutture cerebrali fra loro interconnesse a formare una rete gerarchica multi-livello, il central autonomic network (CAN), che realizza l’integrazione neuroviscerale tramite anelli multipli di retroazione iterativa centro-periferia (cervello-corpo) operanti a vari livelli di complessità nel nevrasse; ogni livello gerarchico della rete elabora e integra nuovi tipi di informazione rispetto al livello precedente, e contribuisce in maniera più flessibile e contesto-specifica alla modulazione del tono vagale. L’output vagale si associa ad una varietà di processi neuropsichici, come gli stati affettivi, la regolazione delle emozioni, le funzioni esecutive. La compromissione della funzione vagale, associata a bassi indici di variabilità della frequenza cardiaca (HRV), si accompagna a rigidità delle risposte psicofisiologiche, disregolazione dei processi allostatici e all’incremento del rischio per patologie mediche e neuropsichiatriche.;

Keywords:Allostasi, Carico allostatico, Sistema nervoso parasimpatico, Network autonomico centrale, Variabilità della frequenza cardiaca, Integrazione neuro-viscerale.

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Andrea Minelli, Michael Di Palma, La funzione vagale: un link fra psiche, cervello e corpo in "PNEI REVIEW" 1/2022, pp 20-37, DOI: 10.3280/PNEI2022-001003